Nene Janet Paterson Clutha (August 28, 1924 - January 29, 2004) is a New Zealand writer published under the name Janet Frame . He wrote novels, short stories, poetry, teenage fiction, and autobiography. Celebrity Frame comes from his dramatic personal history as well as his literary career. After years of being hospitalized, Frame was scheduled to perform a canceled lobotomy when, just a few days before the procedure, but his short story publication was suddenly awarded a national literary prize.
Video Janet Frame
Biografi
Tahun-tahun awal: 1924-1956
Janet Frame was born in Dunedin in south-east of New Zealand's South Island as the third child of five brothers from New Zealand's Scottish parents. He grew up in a working-class family. His father, George Frame, works for New Zealand railways, and his mother Lottie (nÃÆ' Â © e Godfrey), serving as a housekeeper to the family of writer Katherine Mansfield. The first female medical graduate in New Zealand, Dr. Emily Hancock Siedeberg, sent Frame at St. Hospital. Helen in 1924.
Frames spent the early years of his childhood in various small towns in the South South Island province of Otago and Southland, including Outram and Wyndham, before the family finally settled in the coastal town of Oamaru (known as "Waimaru" from his home but novel and fiction next). As told in the first volume of his autobiography, Frame's childhood was marred by the deaths of two teenage sisters Myrtle and Isabel, drowned in separate incidents, and epileptic attacks suffered by his brother George (referred to as "Geordie" and "Bruddie").
In 1943 Frame began training as a teacher at Dunedin Education College, an audit course in English, French, and psychology at nearby Otago University. After completing two years of theoretical studies with mixed results, Frame started a practical placement year at Arthur Street School in Dunedin, which, according to his biographer, originally went pretty well. Things began to unravel that year when she tried to kill herself by swallowing a pack of aspirin. As a result of his attempted suicide, Frame started a regular therapy session with junior lecturer John Money, to whom he developed a strong interest, and who later worked as a sexologist specializing in gender assignments was controversial.
In September 1945, Frame left his teacher training class at Dunedin's Arthur Street School during a visit from the inspector. He was then briefly admitted to a psychiatric ward at a local Dunedin hospital for observation. Frame does not want to go home to his family, where the tension between his father and brother often manifests in an outburst of anger and violence. As a result, Frame was transferred from the local hospital psychiatric ward to Seacliff Lunatic Asylum, a famous and feared mental institution located 20 miles north of Dunedin. Over the next eight years, Frame was repeatedly accepted, usually voluntarily, to a psychiatric hospital in New Zealand. In addition to Seacliff, this includes Avondale Lunatic Asylum, in Auckland, and Sunnyside Hospital in Christchurch. During this period, Frame was first diagnosed with schizophrenia, treated with electroconvulsive therapy and insulin.
In 1951, when Frame was still a patient at Seacliff, Caxton Press New Zealand published his first book, a collection of shorts titled The Lagoon and Other Stories. This volume was awarded the Hubert Church Memorial Award, at that time one of the most prestigious literary prizes in New Zealand. This resulted in the cancellation of scheduled lobotomy Frame. Four years later, after his last return from Seacliff Frame met with writer Frank Sargeson. He lived and worked at his home in Takapuna, a suburb of Auckland, from April 1955 to July 1956, producing his first novel, Owls Do Cry (Pegasus, 1957).
Maps Janet Frame
Career Literature
1957-1989
Frame left New Zealand at the end of 1956, and the next seven years were most productive in terms of publication. He lives and works in Europe, mainly based in London, with short visits to Ibiza and Andorra. However, Frame is still struggling with anxiety and depression. He admitted himself to Maudsley in London. American-trained psychiatrist Alan Miller, who studied under John Money at Johns Hopkins University, proposed that he never suffer from schizophrenia. In an effort to reduce the ill effects of his years spent in a mental hospital, Frame then began regular therapy sessions with psychiatrist Robert Hugh Cawley, who encouraged him to pursue his writing. Frames dedicate his seven novels to Cawley.
Frame was returned to New Zealand in 1963. He received a Bakar Scholarship at Otago University in 1965. He later resided in parts of New Zealand's North Island, including Auckland, Taranaki, Wanganui, Horowhenua, Palmerston North, Waiheke, Stratford, Browns Bay and Levin.
During this period, Frames often traveled, sometimes to Europe, but mainly to the United States, where he received residency in the MacDowell and Yaddo colonies. Partly as a result of this extended stay in the US, Frame developed close relationships with some Americans. These included Theophilus Brown painter (whom he later referred to as "the ultimate experience of my life") and his old colleague Paul John Wonner, poet May Sarton, John Phillips Marquand, and Alan Lelchuck. One-on-one teachers and counselors Frame University and old friend John Money worked in North America from 1947 onwards, and Frame often based himself in his home in Baltimore.
In the 1980s Frame wrote three volumes of autobiography ( To Is-Land , Angel on My Table and Messenger from City of Mirror ) that collectively searched journey of his life to return to New Zealand in 1963. Australian novelist Patrick White describes the first two volumes as "among the wonders of the world". Directed Jane Campion and screenwriter Laura Jones adapted the trilogy for broadcast television. It was finally released as an award-winning feature film, An Angel at My Table . Actress Kerry Fox, Alexia Keogh, and Karen Fergusson portray writers at various ages. Frame autobiography sells better than previous publications, and the successful Campion film adaptation of the text introduces a new generation of readers to his work. This success pushed Frame further into the public eye.
Frames are meant to be autobiographical to "set the record straight" about his past and especially his mental status. However, critical and public speculation continues to focus on his mental health. In 2007, following Frame's death, The New Zealand Medical Journal published an article by a medical expert who proposed that Frame might be on the autism spectrum, a suggestion denied by the authors of the authors.
1990-2000
During his lifetime, Frame's work was mainly published by American company George Braziller, collecting many literary prizes in his native New Zealand, and the Commonwealth Writers Award in 1989 for his last novel, The Carpathians.
In Queen's Birthday Honors 1983 Frame was appointed Commander of the Royal Order of the United Kingdom (CBE) for literature services. On February 6, 1990, Frame was the sixteenth person who was appointed to the New Zealand Order, the nation's highest civilian honor. Frame also has a foreign membership at the American Academy of Arts and Letters and, in native New Zealand, received two honorary doctorates and a cultural icon status. The rumors sometimes circulate Frame as a contender for the Nobel Prize in literature, especially in 1998, after a journalist saw his name at the top of the list then revealed it was in alphabetical order, and again five years later, in 2003, when ÃÆ'â € Beckman, a major literary critic influential in the Swedish daily Dagens Nyheter, falsely predicted that Frame would win a prestigious prize.
Frame's writing became the focus of academic criticism from the late 1970s, with approaches ranging from Marxist and social realist, to feminist and poststructuralist. In later years, a long-book monograph on Frame was published. These include Patrick Evans's bio-critical contributions to the "Twayne World Writers Series," Janet Frame (1977), reading Gina Mercer's feminist on novels and autobiography, Janet Frame: Subversive Fiction i> (1994), and Judith's allegory approach Dell Panny to his works, I have what I give: Janet Frame Fiction (1992). The collection of essays edited by Jeanne Delbaere was first published in 1978, with a revised edition titled Ring of Fire: Essay at Janet Frame in 1992. That same year, Otago University from Dunedin became master home. a conference dedicated to discussions about Frame work. Many papers are published in the special edition of The Journal of New Zealand Literature.
In 2000, New Zealand's popular historian Michael King published the official biography of Frame, Wrestling with the Angels . The book was released simultaneously in New Zealand and North America, with British and Australian editions appearing in later years. Award-winning works and King's work attracted much praise and criticism. Some have questioned the extent to which the guiding hand Frame biographer, while others argue that he has failed to come to terms with the complexity and subtlety of the subject. Adding to the controversy, King openly admitted that he withheld information "which would be a source of embarrassment and distress to her," and that he adopted the idea of ​​publisher Christine Cole Catley about "loving the truth." It advocated "the presentation of evidence and conclusions that meet the main goal of biography, but without disclosure of information would involve subjects who live with shame unreasonable, losing face, emotional or physical pain, or neurological or psychiatric collapse." King defended his project and stated that the future biography in Frame would eventually fill the void left by his own work.
Publications death and posthumous
Janet Frame died in Dunedin in January 2004, aged 79, from acute myeloid leukemia, shortly after becoming one of the first recipients of the New Zealand "Icon" award. A number of posthumous works have been released since his death, including a volume of poetry titled The Goose Bath, which was awarded the highest New Zealand poetry award in 2007. This resulted in a minor controversy among critics who felt the posthumous Prize "set an awkward precedent". Novella, Toward Another Summer, was also published posthumously, a work inspired by a weekend frame spent with British journalist Geoffrey Moorhouse and his family. In 2008, two unpublished short stories published in mental hospitals appeared in The New Yorker. Another unpublished short story was made at The New Yorker in 2010. In March 2011, New Zealand's Penguin Books branch acquired the rights to publish three new editions of Frame's work. These are: Janet Frame In Their Own Sounds (2011), a collection of interviews and nonfiction, Gorse Not People: New and Improper Stories (2012) (Published in US as Between Father and King: New and Unrecorded Stories ), and the novel In the Memorial Room (2013).
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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