Our Lady of Perpetual Help (also known as Our Lady of Perpetual Succor ) is the Roman Catholic title of the Blessed Virgin Mary represented in the well-known 15th century iconic Byzantine icon with the appearance of the same Mary.
This icon comes from the Hard Monastery of Kardiotissas and has been in Rome since 1499. Today is permanently immortalized in the Church of Saint Alphonsus, where the official Novena text for Our Helpful Perpetual Mother is prayed every week.
On June 23, 1867, Pope Pius IX gave a picture of his Canonist Coronation along with its current title. The Imam Redemptorist is the only religious order currently entrusted by the Holy See to protect and spread the religious art of Mary. In the iconography of the Eastern Orthodox Church, this image is known as "Theotokos of the Passion Virgin" because the instruments of the Passion of Jesus Christ are present in the picture.
The feast day of the picture is celebrated on June 27, with a devotional novena held every Wednesday. Under Pontificate Pope Pius XII, the image was designated as the National Guard of the Republic of Haiti and Almoradi, Spain. In addition, Pope John Paul II issued a canonical coronation for a similar image in Jaworzno, Poland on June 16, 1999.
Because of Imam Redemptorist's propaganda since 1865, the image became very popular among Roman Catholics. Modern reproductions are often displayed in residential homes, commercial establishments, and public transport.
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Description
The original wooden icon hanging on the altar, measuring 17 "ÃÆ'â €" 21 "inches and written on hardwood with a background of gold leaf. The picture depicts the following symbols:
- The Blessed Virgin Mary - dressed in a dark red dress, representing the Passion of Jesus, in a blue robe, representing her eternal virginity, and cloaked the veil, representing her pure simplicity.
- The subject shows Mary looking toward the faithful, pointing to her son, Jesus Christ who is afraid of the crucifixion instrument and depicted with fallen sandals.
- The left side is Saint Michael Archangel - carrying spears and sponges of Jesus' crucifixion.
- On the right side is Saint Gabriel Archangel carrying a 3-bar cross used by the Pope at the time and nails.
- The Virgin Mary has a star on her forehead that signifies her role as Star of the Sea while the cross on the side has been claimed as referring to the Greek monastery that produces icons.
The Blessed Illustration of the Blessed Virgin Mary in art has three stars, one on each shoulder and one on the forehead. This icon type is called Hodegetria, where Mary points to her Son, known as Theotokos of the Passion .
Mary has a long slender nose, thin lips, and smooth curved eyebrows, evidence made by Greek artists. The veil and his own face are round, denoting holiness. The size of the mother is also not comparable to her son, intentionally deliberate by the artist Mary as greater than life.
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The icon has a golden background on the walnut panel, which is believed to be from Crete. The Cretan School is the source of many icons that were imported into Europe from the late Middle Ages through the Renaissance. The golden background symbolizes the Kingdom of God. The halo circle that surrounds the head of the Virgin Mary is a style called Estofado , which is an artistic effect created by making a hole dented into an icon to reflect light from a golden background. The icon was cleaned and restored in 1866 and again in 1940.
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Serious legend
The popular legend claims that the icon is a true copy of a painting which, according to legend painted by Saint Luke, uses the Holy Family table in Nazareth, and in Eastern Orthodox tradition is often identified with the iconic Hodegetria icon and considers it the miraculous trail of the Virgin Mary both in the Latin and Orthodox communities. This belief is common in many Hodegetria icons that have similar claims to the Lucan legend.
Origins and discoveries
The initial written account of the image comes from a Latin and Italian plaque placed at the San Matteo church on Via Merulana where it was first honored by the public in 1499. The iconic author is unknown, but according to the parchment attached to the painting accompanying the icon, it was stolen by merchants sailing to Rome from the island of Crete. (The Kardiotissas Hard Monastery is considered a convent where the icon was stolen.)
The image remained in the private possession of a Roman merchant and his family until 27 March 1499, when the icon was moved to the church of San Matteo where he remained for 300 years. The picture was then popularly called Madonna di San Matteo.
Transfer
In 1798, French troops under Louis-Alexandre Berthier occupied Rome as part of the French Revolutionary War, founded the short-lived Roman Republic and took Pope VI's prisoner. Among the few churches that were destroyed during the French occupation was San Matteo on Via Merulana, which placed the icon. Augustinian brothers who saved the first icon took him to St. Eusebius was nearby, then set him up on a side altar at the Church of Santa Maria in Posterula.
In January 1855, the Redemptorist priests bought Villa Caserta in Rome along Via Merulana and transformed them into their headquarters. Uncertainly, the property they bought was once a church and monastery of Saint Matthew, a place reported by the Virgin as the iconic sanctuary.
Decades later, Pope Pius IX invited the Redemptorist fathers to establish the house of the cult of Mary in Rome, in response to which the Redemptorists built the Church of St.. Alphonsus Liguori at that location. The Redemptorists were thus founded on Via Merulana, not knowing that it had ever been the site of the famous San Matteo Church and iconic temple.
Board now
Pope Pius IX sent a letter dated December 11, 1865 to Pastor Mauron, C.Ss.R., ordering the image once again to be generally glorified in Via Merulana, the new church of St. Alphonsus. The same pope directed the Augustinian monks to hand the icon to the Redemptorist priest, on condition that Redemptoris should provide Augustinians with another image of Our Lady of Perpetual Help or a nice copy of the icon as a sign of goodwill. Pope Pius IX's instructions to the Redemptorists are:
Cardinal Prefect of Propaganda will summon the Superior of the Sancta Maria community in Posterula and will tell him that it is our wish that the image of the Blessed Virgin Mary, mentioned in this petition, is placed back between St. John and the Major St. Mary; Redemptorist will replace it with another adequate image.
After the official transfer, the Pope Pius IX finally gave the Apostolic Blessing and titleed the Mater de Perpetuo Succursu icon. On June 23, 1867, the image was granted the Canonical Covenant by the Vatican Dean in an official and solemn acknowledgment of the Maria's icon under the title.
On April 21, 1866, the Redemptorist General Superior gave one of the first copies of the icon to Pope Pius IX. This copy is stored in the Redemptorist Generalate chapel in Rome. The original icon remains under the care of Father Redemptorist at St. Alphonsus with the latest restoration of the icon that had taken place in 1990.
Recovery
In 1866, the icon was restored by Polish painter Leopold Nowotny (1822-1870).
In 1990, the icon was derived from its altar for new photography and image restoration commissioned by the Government of Redemptorists General. The Order of Redemptorist signed a contract with the Technical Department at the Vatican Museum to restore the icon and prevent further mushroom damage to the icon. The restoration process involves X-rays, infra-red scanning, technical analysis of paint and ultra-violet testing along with a Carbon-14 test that locates icons between 1325-1480. The artistic analysis of icons reveals that the iconic face structure has been altered due to previous overpainting, resulting in a combination of "oriental and occidental" features of the image.
Veneration
Our Lady of Perpetual Help has been respected in many cultures and thus has several degrees in various languages, such as "Mother of Perpetual Succor", Mutter von immerwÃÆ'¤hrenden Hilfe , Nuestra SeÃÆ' Â ± ora del Perpetuo Socorro, Notre-Dame du PerpÃÆ'Â © tuel Secours , Mater del Perpetuo Succursu , and Ina ng Laging Saklolo .
United States
In 1878, the Basilica and Shrine of Our Lady of Perpetual Help in Boston, Massachusetts obtained an official copy of the first icon in the United States. Between 1927 and 1935, the first American novena service dedicated to the icon was read out at the Saint Alphonsus church "The Rock" at St. Louis, Missouri and various other Redemptorist stations throughout the United States.
The Philippines
Our Lady of Perpetual Help is widely respected by Filipino Catholics and the Philippine Overseas community. A copy of the German icon is adored at the National Shrine of Our Helpful Perpetual Mother at Baclaran, ParaÃÆ' Â ± aque City, Metro Manila. Pope John Paul II once told Mass at the temple as a cardinal, and then prayed before the icon during his first pastoral visit to the country in February 1981.
All Catholic churches and chapels in the Philippines have iconic replicas, often enshrined in side altars. Copies of icons are also often displayed in homes, businesses, and public transport.
Every Wednesday, many congregations hold rosary and novena prayers related to icons, Benedict, and Holy Mass to honor him. Today's worshipers are still using the same Novena booklet first published by Irish priest Redemptorist, who introduced his icon and dedication to the Philippines in the 1900s. The Philippines Diaspora has also been maintaining Wednesday Novena, hosting a novena service in their parish abroad.
At St. Peter's Parish John the Baptist, Garcia-Hernandez, Bohol, a great feast was held in honor of the Blessed Mother for the Eternal help of every April 27. The 48 chapels in the parish celebrated this joyous party. Monthly devotion is also observed; every 27, the chapel performs a monthly procession of the Blessed Mother's image in their respective areas. This devotion began in 1923 when two European Missionaries, Padre Thomas, an Olandes; and Padre Jorge, an Aleman, brought the image of Nuestra Senora Maria de Perpetua Socorro as part of the spread of their Christian faith. The original image can still be seen in the chapel somewhere in the parish where the Latin script on the devotion of the sacred image can be found on the back.
Protector
The city of Almoradi, Spain invites the protection of Our Immortal Helpers. In 1918, the son of the Marquis of Rioflorido, Jose Carlos fell ill with inflammation of the lining of the chest. Her mother, the noble lady Desamparado Fontes gave her a silk cloth touched onto the Perpetual Help icon in Rome that resulted in instant healing which was later claimed to be something magical. As a sign of gratitude, Lady Fontes officially donated funds to start the Confraternity of Almoradi. On May 29, 1919, Our Lady of Perpetual Help was officially reigned at Saint Andrew Parish as the official patron of the city. In 1945, Pope Pius XII confirmed this patronage by the papal decision. On the 50th anniversary of 1969, the public coronation of this image was held and the crown was made by Santero artist Jose David by the mayor and his authority.
In addition, Our Lady of Perpetual Help is the designated patron saint of national Haiti. According to Roman Catholic Bishop Guy Sansaricq, former president of Haiti lied Lescot and his cabinet petitioned the Holy See to make Our Lady of Perpetual Help the Haitian National Resistance in 1942. Many Haitians praise the Virgin Mary with this title in performing miracles for preventing the outbreak of cholera and smallpox that swept the country in 1882. The Holy See approved the request for protection under Pope Pius XII. The Our Lady of Perpetual Help is also present in many of Haiti's public stamps used by the Haitian post office. In January 2010, Pope Benedict XVI summoned the Mother Perpetual Assistance for Haiti earthquake relief through the Archbishop Louis KÃÆ' Â © breau.
Our Lady of Perpetual Help is also the patron of Middlesbrough diocese, in England and Issele-Uku Catholic Diocese in Nigeria.
Famous Parish named in honor of the Virgin Mary of Perpetual Help
- Our Lady of Perpetual Help Basilica (Brooklyn, New York)
- Cathedral of Our Lady of Perpetual Help (Oklahoma City)
- Church of the Virgin Mary from Perpetual Help and St. Alphonsus in the neighborhood of Bella Vista, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Church of the Virgin Mary from Perpetual Help and St. Eugene in La Cruz de Carrasco, Montevideo, Uruguay zone
- Church of the Mother of Perpetual Aid at Tarnobrzeg in SerbinÃÆ'³w, Poland
- Our Lady of Perpetual Help (Boston, Massachusetts) Basilica
See also
- Virgin of Mercy
- Maria's Title
Note
References
Ã, This article incorporates text from publications now in the public domain: Ã, Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Our Lady of Perpetual Succor". Catholic Encyclopedia . New York: Robert Appleton.
Further reading
- Ferrero, Fabriciano. Icon Stories: The Complete History, Tradition and Spirituality of Our Mother's Popular Icons.., from Immortal Help. Redemptorist Publications, 2001. ISBNÃ, 978-0-85231-219-3.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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