Salome

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Salome ( ; Greece: ?????? , translit.Ãƒ, < i lang = "el-Latn" title = "Greek transliteration"> Sal? m? ; Hebrew: ?????? ?, translit.Ãƒ, Shlomi? , is from Hebrew: ??????? ?, translit.Ãƒ, shalom , lit.Ãƒ, 'peace'; c) AD 14 - between 62 and 71) is the daughter of Herod II and Herodias. According to the New Testament, Herodias's daughter demanded and accepted the head of John the Baptist. According to Josephus, Salome first married Philip, Tetrarch of Ituraea and Trakonitis. After Philip's death in 34 AD, he married Aristobulus of Kalkis and became queen of Chalcis and Armenian Minor. Salome has become a symbol of dangerous woman's hatred.

Since Salome is not mentioned by name in the Gospels, he is sometimes referred to as "the daughter of Herodias", for example in the title of a painting that shows itself.

Video Salome

First century accounts and sources

Salome is usually identified with the daughter of Herodias who, according to the New Testament (Mark 6: 17-29 and Matthew 14: 3-11), danced for Herod. In his Jewish Antiquities, Josephus mentions the marriage and daughters of Herodias daughter Salome.

New Testament

According to Mark 6: 21-29, a daughter of Herodias danced before Herod and her mother, Herodias, on the occasion of her birth, and thus gave her mother a chance to get the head of John the Baptist. Although the New Testament story does not mention a name for the girl, Herodias's daughter is often identified with Salome. According to the Gospel of Mark, Herodias holds a grudge against John for declaring that Herod's marriage to him is against the law; she encourages her daughter to demand that John be executed.

Mark's account (6: 21-28) reads:

A comfortable day arrived when Herod spread his dinner on his birthday for high officials and military commanders as well as leading men in Galilee. Herodias's daughter came and danced, pleased Herod and those who ate with him. The king said to the girl: "Ask me for whatever you want, and I'll give it to you." Yes, she swears her: "Whatever you ask, I'll give it to you, until half my kingdom." So he went out and said to his mother: "What should I ask for?" He said: "The head of John the Baptist." He immediately hurried to the king and made his request, saying: "I want you to give me right on the plate of John the Baptist." Although this made her sad, the king did not want to ignore her request, because of her oath and her guests. So the king immediately sent the guards and ordered him to bring John's head. So he goes and cuts his head in jail and brings his head to the plate. She gave her to the girl, and the girl gave her to her mother. When his disciples heard about it, they came and took his body and placed it in a tomb.

Parallel passages in the Gospel of Matthew (14: 6-11):

But on the birthday of Herod, Herodias's daughter danced in front of them: and Herod was pleased. Therefore he promised with an oath, to give him whatever he would ask of him. But he was instructed earlier by his mother, saying: Give me here on a plate of John the Baptist's head. And the king felt sad: but because of his oath, and for those who sat with him on the table, he ordered to be given. And he sent, and shot John in prison. And his head was taken a meal: and it was given to the girl, and she brought it to her mother.

Some ancient Greek versions of Mark read "Herod's daughter Herodias" (rather than "princess of Herodias"). For scholars who use these ancient texts, both mother and daughter have the same name. However, the Latin Vulgate Bible translates this passage as above, and the Western Father tends to refer to Salome as "the daughter of Herodias" or simply "the girl". However, since he is not mentioned in the Bible, the idea that both mother and daughter named Herodias earned the currency in early modern Europe.

Herod's daughter was not Salome's disciple, who was the witness of the Crucifixion of Jesus in Mark 15:40.

Josephus

Salome was mentioned as Herod Antipas's stepchild at Josephus's Jewish Antiquities (Book XVIII, Chapter 5, 4):

Herodias, [...], married Herod the son of Herod the Great, who was born of Mariamne, daughter of Simon the high priest, who had a daughter, Salome; After her birth, Herodias took it to disrupt the laws of our country, and divorced her from her husband while he was alive, and married Herod, her husband's brother to his father's side, tetrarch of Galilee; but his daughter, Salome, married Philip, son of Herod, and Trachonitis tetrarch; and when he died childless, Aristobulus, the son of Herod, Agrippa's brother, married her; they had three sons, Herod, Agrippa, and Aristobulus;

According to William Smith Greek Dictionary and Roman Antiquities :

Coins

Some coins with portraits of Aristobulus and Salome have been found.

Maps Salome

Salome in art

The story of his dance in front of Herod with the head of John the Baptist on a silver platter leads medieval Christian artists to describe him as the personification of a pervert woman, a seductress who captivates men of salvation. Christian traditions describe it as an icon of dangerous female wrath, especially with regard to the dance mentioned in the New Testament, which is thought to have an erotic element to it, and in some later transformations it has been more iconic as Dance Seven Veil . Other elements of the Christian tradition concentrate on his mild and cold folly which, according to the Gospels, led to the death of John the Baptist. Similar motives were captivated by Oscar Wilde in his book Salome, where he played the role of femme fatale. This parallel representation of Christian iconography, made easier by Richard Strauss's opera based on Wilde's work, is consistent with the story of Josephus as a traditional Christian depiction; However, according to the Jewish historian who was awarded Roman, Salome lived long enough to marry twice and raise some children. Some literary notes describe the biographical data provided by Josephus.

Apart from the story of Josephus, he was not consistently called Salome until the nineteenth century when Gustave Flaubert (following Josephus) referred to it as "Salome" in his short story "Herodias".

Painting and sculpting

This biblical story has long been a favorite of painters. The painters who have performed Salome representations include Masolino da Panicale, Filippo Lippi, Benozzo Gozzoli, Leonardo da Vinci followers Andrea Solario and Bernardino Luini, Lucas Elder Crane, Titian, Caravaggio, Guido Reni, Fabritius, Henri Regnault, Georges Rochegrosse, Gustave Moreau, Lovis Corinth and Federico Beltran-Masses.

The Titian version ( illustration c.1515) emphasizes the contrast between innocent innocent faces and brutally disconnected heads. Because of the waiter by his side, this Titian painting, like any other of the subjects, is also considered Judith with the Head Holofernes . Unlike the unnamed Salome in the Christian Bible, Judith is a Judeo-Christian mythical patriot whose story may be less psychological and because she is a widow, perhaps not too girly or innocent in representation.

In the Moreau version ( illustration ) the figure of Salome is a symbol of femme fatale, a fashionable metaphor of fin-de-siecle decadence. In his novel 1884 rebours, Frenchman Joris-Karl Huysmans describes the portrayal of Salome in Moreau's paintings:

He is no longer a dance girl who squeezes out the cries of lust and lust from an old man by a chaotic body shape; who violate the will, overwhelm the mind of a King with its vibrating chest, stomach up and down thighs; he is now expressed in the sense of a symbolic incarnation of the old World Representative, the eternal goddess Hysteria, the highest Beauty Curse above all other beauty by the cataleptic spasm that stirs the flesh and moves his muscles, - the horrible beast of Apocalypse, indifferent, irresponsible , insensitive, poisoning.

Sacred vocal music

Salome appears as a character in the oratorio Alessandro Stradella S. Giovanni Battista (St. John the Baptist), compiled in 1676, which included "Queste lagrime e sospiri", an aria sung by characters Salome.

Theater and literature

In 1877 Gustave Flaubert's Three Tales was published, including "Herodias". In this story, full responsibility for John's death was given to Herodias's mother and priests who feared the power of her religion. Salome himself is shown as a young girl who forgets the name of the man whose head he requests when he asks for it. The 1881 Opera of Jules Massenet HÃƒÆ' Ã‚ Â© rodiade is based on Flaubert's short story.

Novel Fantasy 1934 A Witch Will Be Born by Robert E. Howard, one of Conan the Barbarian cycles, features an evil prehistoric magician named Salome, and it is clearly implied that he is the initial incarnation of the Character of the Covenant New with the same name.

Oscars Wilde Oscar Wilde

The story of SalomÃƒ Â© was made the subject of the symbolic game by Oscar Wilde who was first banned in London in 1892 while the drill was under way, and which aired in Paris in 1896, with the French name SalomÃƒ Â© Ã‚ Â© . In Wilde's drama Salome likes John the Baptist, and causes him to be executed when John rejects his affection. At the end of the story, Salome picks up the cut of John's head and kisses it.

Because at that time British law forbade the portrayal of biblical characters on stage, Wilde wrote his original drama in French, and later produced an English translation (titled Salome ). For Granville Bantock this created incidental music, premiered at Court Theater, London, on April 19, 1918.

Operas by Wilde game

The Wilde played (in German translation by Hedwig Lachmann) edited into one opera act by Richard Strauss. Opera Salome, which aired premiere in Dresden in 1905, is famous for the Seven Veil Dance. Like Wilde, he changed his act to Salome himself, reducing his mother to being a small player, though the opera was less centered on Herod's motivation than the game.

Shortly after the success of Strauss opera, Antoine Mariotte created another opera based on the original French manuscript Wilde. It aired on October 30, 1908 at the Grand ThÃƒÆ'Ã‚ Â© ÃƒÆ' Ã‚ Â¢ tre in Lyon. The Opera was revived only in 2005 at the Montpellier Festival.

Ballet

In 1907 Florent Schmitt received a commission from Jacques RouchÃƒÆ'Ã‚ Â© to write ballet, La tragÃƒÆ' Ã‚ Â© die de SalomÃƒÆ' Ã‚ Â© , for Loie Fuller to perform in the ThÃƒÆ'Ã‚ Â© ÃƒÆ'Ã‚ Â¢ Ã‚ Â¢ Ã‚ Â¢ art. Another Salome Salome was composed by Japanese composer Akira Ifukube in 1948. Flemming Flindt's ballet Salome choreographer with music by Peter Maxwell Davies aired in 1978. Choreographer Arthur Pita was commissioned by San Francisco Ballet for its Salome ballet version in 2017.

Poems

In "Salome" (1896) by the Greek poet, Constantine Cavafy, Salome incited John the Baptist's death as part of a futile attempt to gain interest in "a young indifferent young sophist of love." When Salome offered him the head of the Baptist, sofis refused, commented jokingly, "Dear Salome, I want better to get your own head". Seriously, Salome is so crazy about allowing himself to be beheaded and his head taken to sophist, which however rejects him in disgust and goes back to studying Plato's Dialogue.

Salome's poems are also written by, among others, Ai (1986), Nick Cave (1988), and Carol Ann Duffy (1999). Clementine von Radic's 2015 poem entitled "Salome Redux" tells the story of Salome featuring the "Seven Veil Dance" before King Herod. Salome is described as an intoxicating young woman who, in return for performing this dance, asks for John the Baptist's execution.

Songs

Lagu-lagu tentang Salome ditulis oleh, antara lain, Archibald Joyce (1907, 1912), Tommy Duncan (1952), Karel Kryl (1965), Drs. P (1974), John Cale (1978), Kim Wilde (1984), U2 (1990), Andrew Lloyd Webber (1993), Liz Phair (1993), Kurt Elling (1995), Susan McKeown (1995), Mark St. John Ellis sebagai Elijah's Mantle (1995), Old 97's (1997), The Changelings (1997), Loudovikos ton Anogeion (1997), The Residents (1998), Enrique Bunbury (1998), Chayanne (1999), Patti Smith (2000) , Killing Miranda (2001), Gary Jules '"Pills" (2001), The Booda Velvets (2001), Stormwitch (2004), Flipron (2006), Xandria (2007), Pete Doherty (2009), Saltatio Mortis (2009) , 9GOATS BLACK OUT (2009), Justin Vivian Bond (2011), Regina Spektor dan Kaya (2012), Behemoth (2014), Wovenhand (2014), Marriages (2015), dan Jarvis Cocker (2017).

Film

Wilde Salome is often used as a film, especially the silent film of 1923, Salome , starring Alla Nazimova in the title role and in 1988 Ken Russell played-in-a-care film, > Salome's Last Dance , which also includes Wilde and Lord Alfred Douglas characters. Steven Berkoff filmed his stage version in 1992.

In the 1950 movie Sunset Boulevard, the main character of Norma Desmond is described as writing a screenplay for the silent film treatment of Salome's legend, trying to get the resulting scenario, and performing one scene from his script after becoming insane.

Other Salome movies include:

Salome (1986), French-Italian production.

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References

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External links

Video Lecture on Salome by Dr. Henry Abramson

Source of the article : Wikipedia

Salome

Sabtu, 14 Juli 2018

Salome

Video Salome