Birthday is the birthday of a person, or figuratively from the institution. Birthday people are celebrated in various cultures, often with birthday gifts, birthday cards, birthday parties, or rituals.
Many religions celebrate the birth of their founder or religious leader with special holidays (eg Christmas, Mawlid, Buddhist Birthday, and Krishna Janmashtami).
There is a difference between birth day and birth date : The first, other than February 29, happens every year (eg January 15), while the last is the exact date people are born (eg , January 15, 2001).
Video Birthday
Legal convention
In most legal systems, a person will be designated as an adult on a particular birthday (usually between 12 and 21), and reach specific milestones of age granting certain rights and responsibilities. At a certain age, a person may be eligible to leave full-time education, be conscripted or enlist in the military, to approve sexual intercourse, marry, marry without parental consent, to vote, to run for elected office, to buy (or consume) alcohol and tobacco products legally, to buy lottery tickets, or to get a driver's license. The majority age is the age when minors terminate by law as children and take control over their persons, actions, and decisions, thereby ending the legal and legal control of their parents or guardians over and for them. Most countries set the majority age between 18 and 21.
Maps Birthday
Cultural convention
Many cultures have one or more of their birthdays:
- In Canada and the United States, families often mark the 16th anniversary of a girl with a "sweet sixteen" celebration - often represented in popular culture.
- In some Hispanic countries, as well as in Portuguese-speaking Brazil, the
- In Nepal and India, on the children's first birthday, their heads are shaved when held by a special fire. Hair removal is believed to rid the child of all evil in past lives, and symbolizes the renewal of the soul. Hindu boys of some castes, such as the Brahmin, have a twelfth or thirteenth birthday, replaced by a great "magic ceremony". The boy takes the blessed thread and wears it, symbolizing his coming. This is called Upanayana.
- In the Philippines, an upcoming party called debut is held for girls on their 18th birthday, and for boys on their 21st birthday.
- In some Asian countries that follow the zodiac calendar, there is a tradition of celebrating its 60th birthday.
- In Korea, many celebrate Baek-il traditional ceremonies (Feast for the 100th day) and Doljanchi (the child's first birthday).
- In Japan, the Day of Arrival, for all people aged 20 years.
- In the cards of the British Commonwealth countries of the Royal Family are sent to those celebrating the 100th and 105th anniversaries and every year thereafter.
- In Ghana, on their birthday, the children wake up to a special treat called "bibs" made of mashed sweet potatoes and fried eggs in palm oil. Then they have a birthday party where they usually eat soup and rice and a dish known as "kelewele", which is a piece of fried banana.
- The Jewish boys have a bar mitzvah on their 13th birthday. Jewish girls have bat mitzvah on their 12th anniversary, or sometimes on their 13th birthday in the Reformation and Conservative Judaism. This marks a transition in which they become obligated in commands they were previously excluded and counted as part of the community.
Birthdays of historically important people, such as national heroes or founders, are often celebrated by official holidays marking their birthdays.
- Catholic saints are remembered by a liturgical party on the anniversary of their "birth" to heaven on the day of their death. The ancient Romans marked the anniversary of the dedication of the temple or other incarnate occasions as a natalist dies, a term that is sometimes still applied to the memorial of an institution (such as a university).
A person's golden or great birthday, also referred to as "lucky birthday", "champagne birthday", or "star birthday", occurs when they change the age of their birthday (for example, when a person is born on 25 each month aged 25 or when someone born on the ninth day turns nine).
Beddian's birthday an individual, named in the award for firefighter Bobby Beddia, occurred during an age that matched the last two digits of the year he was born.
In many cultures and jurisdictions, if a person's actual birthday is not known (for example, if he or she is an orphan), then their birthdays can be adopted or set on a certain day of the year, such as January 1st. Jesus is celebrated at Christmas. Racing horses are calculated to be one year in the year after their birth on January 1 in the northern hemisphere and the first of August in the southern hemisphere.
Tradition
In many parts of the world, a person's birthday is celebrated by a party where a specially made cake, usually decorated with the letter and age of a person, is served. These cakes are traditionally studded with the same number of candles that light up with the age of the individual, or the candles representing their age. Individuals who are celebrated will usually make a silence and try to blow out a candle with one breath; if successful, a tradition holds that the wish will be granted. In many cultures, the desire must be kept secret or will not "come true". Gifts are given to the individual by the guest according to his age. Other birthday activities may include entertainment (sometimes by hired professionals, ie clowns, magicians, or musicians), and special toast or speech by birthday celebrity. The last song of the famous song Patty Hill and Mildred Hill, "Good Morning to You" (unofficially titled "Happy Birthday to You") is usually sung by the guests at some point in the process. In some countries, piÃÆ' Â ± ata take the cake place.
Day name
In some historically Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox countries such as Italy, Spain, France, Germany, Poland, Russia, Romania, Bulgaria, Serbia, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Greece, Lithuania, Latvia and throughout Latin America, common to have 'day name'/'day Saint'. It is celebrated in the same way as birthdays, but is held on the official day of a saint with the same Christian name as a birthday; the difference is that one can search the name of a person's day in the calendar, or easily remember the days of common names (eg, John or Mary ); But in a godly tradition, both are often made to agree by giving a newborn baby a holy name that is celebrated on his birthday, or perhaps a party name, for example, Noel or Pascal (French for Christmas and "Easter"); as another example, Togliatti was given Palmiro as his first name because he was born in Palm Sunday.
Official birthday
Some characters, especially kings, have official birthdays on a fixed day of the year, which may not always match their birthday, but where the celebration is held. The example is:
- The traditional birthday of Jesus Christ is celebrated as Christmas Eve or Christmas Day around the world, each on December 24 or 25. Since some Eastern churches use the Julian calendar, December 25 will fall on the 7th of January in the Gregorian calendar. These dates are traditional and have nothing to do with the actual date of birth of Jesus, which is an unknown date
- Similarly, the anniversary of the Virgin Mary and John the Baptist was liturgically celebrated on September 8 and 24, especially in the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox traditions (although for the Eastern Orthodox church the Julian calendar, the Gregorian date is 21 September and July 7 respectively). Like Christmas, the date of celebration is traditional and may not have anything to do with the actual birthday of these people.
- The Queen's Official Anniversary in Australia, Fiji, Canada, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom.
- The official commemoration of the Grand Duke in Luxembourg is usually celebrated on 23 June. This is different from the actual birth date of the monarch, which is April 16th.
- Koninginnedag in the Kingdom of the Netherlands is usually celebrated on 30 April. Queen Beatrix fixes it on her mother's birthday, the previous queen, to avoid winter weather associated with her own birthday in January. The current king's birthday is April 27, and was also celebrated that day and has replaced the Koninginnedag celebration on April 30.
- The celebration of the Japan Emperor's birthday Showa (Hirohito) was 29 April. After his death, the vacation was saved as "Showa no Hi", or "Showa Day". This holiday falls close to Golden Week, a week in late April and early May.
- Kim Il-sung and Kim Jong-Il's birthday is celebrated in North Korea as a national holiday.
- The Anniversary of Washington, commonly referred to as President's Day, is a federal holiday in the United States that celebrates George Washington's birthday. President Washington's birthday is observed on the third Monday of February each year. However, the actual birthday is February 11 (Old Style), or February 22 (New Style).
- In India, every October 2nd year marking Mahatma Gandhi's Birthday is declared a holiday. All liquor stores were closed across the country in honor of Gandhi who did not consume liquor.
- Martin Luther King, Jr. Day is a federal holiday in the United States that marks the birthday of Martin Luther King, Jr. It is observed on the third Monday of January each year, which is around the time of the King's birthday, January 15.
- Maulid is Muhammad's official birthday and is celebrated on the 12th or 17th day of Rabi 'al-awwal by Sunnis and Shiites of Islam respectively. These are the two most common dates of Muhammad's birth.
Frequency
According to a public database of births, birthdays in the United States are fairly evenly distributed to a large extent, but there tends to be more births in September and October. This may be because there was a holiday season nine months earlier (human gestation period of about nine months), or because the longest night of the year also occurred in the Northern Hemisphere nine months earlier. However, it seems that holidays have more effects on birth rates than winter: New Zealand, the Southern Hemisphere state, has the same September and October peaks with no corresponding peaks in March and April. The most unusual birthdays tend to fall around public holidays, like Christmas, New Year, and holidays remain like the 4th of July in the US. This may be because hospitals and maternity centers do not offer induction of labor and elective caesarean section on public holidays.
Based on Harvard University's research on birth records in the United States between 1973 and 1999, September 16 is the most common birthday in the United States and December 25 is the most common birthday (other than February 29, due to leap years). In 2011, the 5th and 6th of October were reported as the most frequent birthdays.
In New Zealand, the ten most common birthdays all fall within a thirteen-day period, between September 19 and October 1, corresponding to a conception in December. The ten most uncommon birthdays (other than 29 February) are December 24-27, January 1-2, February 6, March 22, April 1 and April 25. It is based on all live births registered in New Zealand between 1980 and 2014.
According to a study by Yale School of Public Health, positive and negative relationships with significant cultural dates can affect birth rates. The study showed a 5.3% decline in spontaneous birth and a 16.9% decrease in caesarean birth on Halloween, compared with the date of the week before and one week after the October holidays. By contrast, on Valentine's Day there was a 3.6% increase in spontaneous birth and a 12.1% increase in cesarean delivery.
Leap day
In the Gregorian calendar (the common sun calendar), February in a leap year has 29 days instead of the usual 28, so that year lasts 366 days instead of the usual 365.
A person born on February 29 may be called "leapling" or "leaper". In ordinary years they usually celebrate their birthday on February 28th. In some situations, March 1st is used as a birthday in a non-leap year because it is the day after February 28th.
Technically, the jump will have fewer birthday anniversaries than their age in a few years. This phenomenon is exploited when a person claims only a quarter of their actual age, by recounting the anniversary of their leap birthday alone. In comic opera Gilbert and Sullivan 1879 The Pirates of Penzance, Frederic, the pirate apprentice finds that he is bound to serve the pirates until his 21st birthday rather than until the 21st years.
For legal purposes, the date of birth of the law depends on how local law calculates the time interval.
In culture and religion
Ancient Persian
According to Herodotus (5th century BC), of all the days of the year, one of the most celebrated Persians was their birthday. It is customary to have a board equipped on the day with an ampler supply than usual: rich people eat whole-roasted cows, horses, camels, or donkeys, while the poorer classes use smaller cattle.
Ancient Rome
The Romans enthusiastically celebrated birthday with hedonistic parties and generous gifts.
China
The Chinese birthday tradition reflects a deep cultural focus on longevity and wordplay. From homophony between ? ("rice wine") and ? (meaning "long" in the sense of time passes), osmanthus and other rice grapes are traditional gifts for birthdays in China. Longevity Mi is another traditional food consumed on that day, though western-style birthday cake is increasingly common among urban Chinese.
Judaism
In Judaism, the perspective of the anniversary is disputed by various rabbis, though today the practice is accepted by most of the faithful. In the Hebrew Bible, any mention of the celebration held to commemorate the birthday of a person is for the Egyptian Pharaoh recorded in Genesis 40:20. Rabbi Moshe Feinstein always recognizes birthdays. The Rebbe Lubavitcher encourages people to celebrate their birthdays, by gathering friends, making positive resolutions, and through various religious activities. According to Rabbi Yissocher Frand, the birthday of a person is a special day for the person's prayer to be received.
The bar mitzvah of a 13-year-old Jewish boy, or bat mitzvah for a 12-year-old Jewish girl, is probably the only Jewish celebration done in what is often considered a coalition with birthdays. Despite the modern celebrations in which secular "secular" elements often transcend their essence as religious rituals, the essence of bar mitzvah or bat mitzvah is entirely religious (ie, achieving religious maturity according to Jewish law), but not secular. With or without a birthday celebration, the child remains a bar mitzvah or bat mitzvah, and the celebration may be on that day or the date after it.
Christianity
Christianity: The early age
Origen in his commentary "On Levites" wrote that Christians should not only refrain from celebrating their birthday, but should look at them with disdain.
Orthodox Christians in addition to birthdays, also celebrate the day a person's name.
Christianity: Medieval
Ordinary people celebrate their holy day (their saints are named), but the nobles celebrate their birthdays. The "Squire Tale", one of Chaucer's Tales Stories, opens when the King of the Changi declares a party to celebrate his birthday.
Religious: Modern
While almost all Christians receive today's training, Jehovah's Witnesses and some groups of Holy Names refrain from celebrating birthdays because of the origins of indigenous pagan, its connection to magic and superstition. While Christmas is the celebration of the Nativity, some religious groups see it depicted in a negative light.
Islam
Some Muslims especially from the Salafi school of thought are opposed to a birthday celebration as a sin, because it is regarded as an "innovation" of faith, or bi'dah while other scholars have issued a statement saying that a birthday celebration is permissible.
Some Muslims who migrated to the United States adopted the habit of celebrating birthdays, especially for children, but others refused.
There is also much controversy about celebrating the Mawlid (birthday of Muhammad). While the part of Islam strongly supports it, others condemn such celebrations, calling them as outside the scope of Islam.
Hinduism
Hindu people celebrate birthdays every year when the day corresponds to the lunar month or solar month (Matahari Signs the Nirayana System - Sourava Mana Masa) from birth and has the same asterism (Star/Nakshatra) as the date of birth. The age is counted every time Janma Nakshatra in the same month passes.
Hindu people consider death more profitable than birth because the person is freed from the bonds of material society. Also, traditionally, rituals & amp; prayers for the dead are observed on days 5 and 11 with many relatives gathering.
Buddhist (Mahayana)
Many monasteries celebrate Buddhist birthdays, usually in very formal and ritual ways. They treat the Buddha as if it were the Buddha himself, as if he were alive; shower, and "feed" him.
Sikhism
Sikh celebrates the birthday of Guru Nanak.
North Korea
In North Korea, people do not celebrate birthdays on July 8 and December 17 because this is the date of Kim Il-sung and Kim Jong-il's death, respectively. More than 100,000 North Koreans celebrate the anniversary of the refugees on July 9 or December 18 to avoid these dates. A person born on July 8 before 1994 can change their birthday, with official recognition. Kim Il-sung's birthday, Day of the Sun, is the most important holiday in the country, and Kim Jong-il's birthday is celebrated as a brilliant Star Day.
See also
- Birthdays are mentioned on pages designated for each day of the year, from January 1st to December 31st
- Repeat paradox
- Birthday attack
- East Asian age calculations - different age methods for birthdays used in some Asian countries
- Half birthday
- Warning of death/Yahrzeit
- Awakening Day
- Sashtiabdhapoorthi
- Birthstones
References
External links
- What is your number ?, according to Population Action International
- What's your number ?, by the BBC
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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